Questions

• Estimate the position of the resultant reactions at the base of the element using equilibrium considerations and compare the results with the stresses shown in the applet for the steel.

• Does the angle obtained from the previous composition of F_h and F_v provide a good approximation of the inclination of the cracks? Why? What is the role of the steel?

• Compare the failure zone of the test with a simplified calculation in combined bending of the wall.

• Draw a possible stress field by estimating the angle of the struts using the compression stresses provided by the applet.

• If the vertical load is increased relative to the horizontal load, what effect does this have on the inclination of the compressed struts?

• Why is the ultimate load of wall S2 greater than that of S1?

• What is the difference between the two modes of failure?